Have you ever noticed small dark specks drifting across your vision, especially when looking at a bright background? If you’ve found yourself thinking, “Why am I seeing dark spots in my vision?”—you’re not alone. These spots, commonly known as floaters, are a typical concern among patients that can range from harmless to more serious. Understanding the potential causes and when to seek help is essential for protecting your vision.
Our Chandler eye care team at Wagner EyeCare Associates discusses more below.
What Are Floaters and Black Spots?
Floaters are tiny clumps or strands of collagen that form in the vitreous—the gel-like substance inside your eye. As we age, the vitreous slowly shrinks and becomes more liquid, causing these particles to float freely and cast shadows on the retina. These shadows appear as:
- Small, semi-transparent specks or cobwebs
- Dark shapes that move when you shift your eyes
- Flecks that drift away when you try to look directly at them
While floaters and black spots are common and often harmless, they can sometimes signal a more serious issue, especially if they appear suddenly or increase in number.
Why Am I Suddenly Seeing Spots in My Vision?
A sudden onset of black spots or an increase in floaters can feel alarming. It’s important to consider the context and other symptoms to determine whether a prompt eye exam is needed. Here are common causes:
Age-Related Changes
Most floaters develop gradually as part of the natural aging process. This is especially common for individuals over 50.
Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD)
As the vitreous shrinks with age, it can pull away from the retina. This detachment often causes a noticeable spike in floaters or flashes of light.
Eye Trauma
A blow to the head or eye can disturb the vitreous and cause sudden floaters or dark spots.
Inflammation (Uveitis)
Swelling in the eye can produce debris in the vitreous, leading to spots in your vision.
Retinal Tears or Detachment
In some cases, floaters are a sign of a retinal tear or detachment—both of which require emergency care. Watch for symptoms such as a sudden and dramatic increase in floaters, flashes of light, or a "shadow" or "curtain" across your vision.
When Should I Worry About Seeing Dark Spots?
Though most floaters are benign, certain signs should prompt an immediate visit to your eye doctor:
- Sudden increase in floaters
- Accompanying light flashes
- Loss of peripheral vision
- A gray shadow across your field of view
These could indicate a retinal detachment, which can lead to permanent vision loss if untreated.
What Can Be Done About Floaters and Black Spots?
For most people, floaters become less noticeable over time as the brain learns to ignore them. However, if floaters are persistent or bothersome, there are a few solutions:
Comprehensive Eye Exam
Your eye doctor will examine your retina to rule out serious conditions.
Monitoring
If floaters are stable and not accompanied by other symptoms, regular monitoring may be all that’s needed.
Laser Vitreolysis
In select cases, a laser can break up larger floaters, making them less noticeable.
Vitrectomy
For severe cases, this surgical procedure removes the vitreous and replaces it with a clear solution. It’s typically reserved for significant vision impairment.
How Can Our Eye Care Team Help?
If you’re seeing spots suddenly or have persistent dark specks floating across your vision, don’t ignore the signs. A comprehensive eye exam can help determine the cause and whether treatment is needed. Our team uses advanced diagnostic tools to monitor your eye health and provide solutions tailored to your needs.
Whether you’re dealing with occasional floaters or sudden changes in your vision, we’re here to help keep your eyes healthy and your vision clear.